Bulletin of the geological society of america 1984. The threat of landslides like this have made the long drive to wenchuan a risky affair for rescuers. These have strong bearing on the man induced landslides. Causes of landslidinggeologists use a variety of classificationschemes to describe causes of landslides. In good accordance with the rainfallinduced landslide. All geological zones of nepal were evaluated from the landslide occurrence perspective. Global fatal landslide occurrence from 2004 to 2016 nat. This analysis should help predict more accurately landslide event sizes, both in terms of potential numbers and affected area. Currently, the number of disastrous landslides appears to be increasing schuster. While landslides are considered naturally occurring disasters, human induced changes in the environment have recently caused their upsurge. Causes and types of landslides what is a landslide. Landslides triggered by rainfall are a major multiple geological hazard on qinba mountain. Cities across africa face threat of landslides like sierra leone. Rainfall induced landslide probability mapping for central.
Landslide types and processes printed on recycled paper l andslides in the united states occur in all 50 states. The most abundant types of earthquake induced landslides are rock falls and slides of rock fragments that form on steep slopes. The study of earthquake induced landslides has a major importance for better understanding of the causal mechanisms and the relationship among the landslide type, size, occurrence location and geomorphology. I investigate the possibility of highresolution digital surface models computed from tristereo spot67 images to resolve this issue. Model testing on rainfallinduced landslide of loose soil. Initial insights from a global database of rainfallinduced landslide. Overview of landslide tools pdf 290 kb a brief overview of tools 2. Landslides in the united states occur in all 50 states. Cities across africa face threat of landslides like sierra. Conceptual sketch of a seismicallyinduced lateral spread emanating from the eastern escarpment of crowleys ridge in eastern arkansas and southeastern missouri. During field survey, about 40 landslides were noticed in the reserve figure 7. Jun 01, 2016 some weeks ago we published a new study on the classification of earthquake induced landslide event sizes based on seismotectonic, topographic, climatic and geologic factors.
Failure modes and mechanisms of shallow debris landslides. Snow induced landslide melting snow and ice on the north flank of washingtons mount st. The landslide handbook a guide to understanding landslides. A powerpoint presentation on earthquakeinduced landslides. The melting snow and ice resulted from the 1982 eruption of mount st. The japan landslide society jls therefore organized a meeting fully dedicated to the research area of earthquake induced landslides. First road in himalayan region was introduced way back in the british colonial period singh and ghai, 1996. Although the causes of landslides are wide ranging, they have 2 aspects in common. Rainfallinduced landslides are a common and significant source of damages and fatalities world wide. Landslides triggered by the gorkha earthquake in the. Landslides occur often due to the earth quakes, floods and volcanic activities and in turn may lead to subsequent hazards. These types of landslides can also induced by earthquakes or tremors. Mar 03, 2018 landslides triggered by rainfall are a major multiple geological hazard on qinba mountain. Rainfall induced landslides in december 2004 in southwestern.
It also highlights that some occurrences, especially those very far from the hypocentreactivated fault, cannot be predicted by stateoftheart. Of the total landslides, about 31 were human induced and 9 were natural. Man induced landslides human factors in man induced landslides. Rainfallinduced landslides form an important natural threat in vietnam. This paper presents an overview of current issues and recent advances concerning earthquakeinduced landslides. Characteristics of earthquake and raininduced landslides near the epicenter of wenchuan earthquake s. Causes, effects and types of landslides earth eclipse. The primary regions of landslide occurrence and potential are the coastal and mountainous areas of california, oregon, and washington, the states comprising the intermountain west, and the mountainous. Dave petley, provicechancellor at the university of sheffield it was shown that 463 nonseismic fatal landslides occurred last year, causing 3 270 deaths. According to them, levelling of slope and deforestation could be the major reason behind the incident. Rainfall induced landslide probability mapping for central province mercy mwaniki, thomas ngigi, and edward waithaka department of geomatic engineering and geospatial information systems gegis jomo kenyatta university of agriculture and. Rainfall induced landslide stability analysis in response to transient pore pressure 53. Most of sri lankan landslides are caused by the percolation of rain water into the fractures of weathered rocks e.
His blog provides a commentary on landslide events occurring worldwide, including the landslides themselves, latest research, and conferences and meetings. This paper presents an overview of current issues and recent advances concerning earthquake induced landslides. Gladeb a department of civil and environmental engineering, the hong kong university of science and technology, clear water bay, hong kong b department of geography and regional research, university of vienna, universitaetsstr. This analysis excluded morbidity data, although numbers of injured persons associated with each landslide were recorded for rainfallinduced landslides. Causes of landslides geological weak material erosion intense rainfall human excavation earthquake shaking volcanic eruption prepared by ct. For example, an earthquake induced landslide may lead to a deadly tsunami, if sufficient landslide material slides into the water body, displacing the water present. The susceptibility categories represent the nature and relative degree of hazard for waterinduced landslides and related slope failures in the study area.
All the human induced landslides have recent origin. Landslides are frequently triggered by strong ground motions. Pdf humaninduced landslides hil refer to landslide events that are directly triggered or partially aggravated by anthropic activities. Snowinduced landslide melting snow and ice on the north flank of washingtons mount st. A very interesting fact can be seen that almost all the landslides which are documented are natural table 7. Quantitative assessment of rainfallinduced landslide susceptibility. Stressstrain state monitoring of a maninduced landslide. Papers dealing with rainfall induced landslides, including the identification of rainfall thresholds for the possible initiation of landslides. The term landslide is used to describe a wide variety of processes that result in the perceptible downward and outward movement of soil, rock, and vegetation under gravitational influence.
The study of earthquakeinduced landslides has a major importance for better understanding of the causal mechanisms and the relationship among the landslide type, size, occurrence location and geomorphology. Research was carried out in the north caucasus orogenic region with active geodynamics. Rainfallinduced landslide stability analysis in response to transient pore pressure 53. The categories are ranked, with category 6 rating categories of waterinduced landslide susceptibility susceptibility rating and explanation. Rainfallinduced landslide stability analysis in response. Natural and human induced hazards and environmental waste management vol.
Rainfallinduced landslide stability analysis in response to. Landslides, in and of themselves, constitute a major geologic hazard. Several things can trigger landslides, including the slow weathering of rocks as well as soil erosion, earthquakes and volcanic activity. Rainfall induced landslide probability mapping for central province mercy mwaniki, thomas ngigi, and edward waithaka department of geomatic engineering and geospatial information systems gegis jomo kenyatta university of agriculture and technology p. Landslides globally cause major disasters every year and rank seventh as a cause of numbers of people killed by natural disasters during the period of 19922001 nadim et al. The symposium covers all aspects of earthquakeinduced landslides including the phenomena occurred in manmade embankments as well as in natural slopes in mountainous areas. Mar 17, 2016 the gorkha earthquake nepal, 2015, m w 7. Rainfall induced landslides geomorphology research group. Our idea was that this classification could be used to help improve seismic hazard assessment by contributing to a better prediction of landslide hazards induced by an earthquake when the geologic, topographic and.
A flume experiment was conducted to successfully initiate shallow debris landslides using artificial rainfall in zhouzhi county, qinba mountain. Fatality data are collected for earthquake induced landslides, but numbers of injuries are not known as this information is not recorded by agencies responding to such events. Given the number of deadly landslides, 2019 is the. Although the terrestrial planets are broadly alike in composition, temperature, and density, they differ greatly in the composition of their. Debris landslides in the shallow layer make up a large proportion of all landslides. Gladeb a department of civil and environmental engineering, the hong kong university of science and technology, clear water bay, hong kong. Practically all traditional slope stability analyses that include rainfall influences do so by varying the. The work summarizes the results of estimating dynamic changes in the state of a man induced landslide using the earths natural pulsed electromagnetic field enpemf recording methods and its geomorphological analysis. In an analysis of the landslide database for 2019 by dr. Model testing on rainfallinduced landslide of loose soil in. The most catastrophic mass movement was a debris avalanche that buried several villages in the langtang valley. Dave petley is the provicechancellor research and innovation at the university of sheffield in the united kingdom. Location of the study area, with china seismic intensity scale of wenchuan earthquake.
Earthquake induced landslides lessons from taiwan and pakistan david petley 26th august 2008. For the main part seismically generated landslides usually do not differ in their morphology and internal processes from those generated under nonseismic conditions. Landslides triggered by the gorkha earthquake in the langtang. They started felling trees to clear land for housing, roads etc.
This paper particularly discusses the issues related to the rainfall induced landslides in the nepal himalaya. Roman numerals vixi represent the earthquake magnitude contours. Our idea was that this classification could be used to help improve seismic hazard assessment by contributing to a better prediction of landslide hazards induced by an. Because of wide variety of causes, nosingle scheme has yet been. Mar 25, 2012 causes of landslides geological weak material erosion intense rainfall human excavation earthquake shaking volcanic eruption prepared by ct.
Pdf human induced landslides hil refer to landslide events that are directly triggered or partially aggravated by anthropic activities. While landslides are considered naturally occurring disasters, humaninduced changes in the environment have recently caused their upsurge. This figure was based on the data obtained by many researchers until may 19, 2011 and was provided by the national research institute for earth science and disaster prevention nied. In this study, questions are raised about its volume and initiation. Mar 27, 2009 on monday i gave a presentation to staff and students at the state key laboratory for geohazards at chengdu university of technology the topic was the lessons that can be learnt about earthquakeinduced landslides from the taiwan 1999 and kashmir 2005 earthquakes. However, they tend to be more widespread and sudden. Pdf after attending this lesson, the user would be able to understand. Pdf humaninduced landslides hil refer to landslide events that are directly.
Landslide causes and triggering mechanisms highland, l. Considering the landslide at malin village of ambegaon taluka a warning bell, geological experts claimed that such disasters are more man made than natural. The symposium covers all aspects of earthquake induced landslides including the phenomena occurred in manmade embankments as well as in natural slopes in mountainous areas. The most abundant types of earthquakeinduced landslides are rock falls and slides of rock fragments that form on steep slopes. Earthquake induced landslides lessons from taiwan and pakistan. Dogami interpretive map ims6, waterinduced landslide. Helens, triggered this lahar an indonesian term for a volcanic debris flow, which rapidly traveled down the flanks of the mountain with the north fork of the toutle river. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
The rainfall induced landslides in the nepal himalaya extend tremendous damage to lives, property, infrastructure, and environment, particularly in the monsoon season. A new classification of earthquakeinduced landslide event. Cambridge core geomorphology and physical geography landslides edited by john j. Li et al rainfall and earthquakeinduced landslide susceptibility assessment 2721 fig. The primary regions of landslide occurrence and potential are the coastal and mountainous areas of california, oregon, and washington, the states comprising the intermountain west, and the. The term landslide includes a wide range of ground movement. Characteristics of earthquake and raininduced landslides. As the physics of seismically induced and other landslides are.
Igwe uses satellite and gps data to measure small ground movements to detect the possibility of landslides in vulnerable areas. Landslides landslides are defined as mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope and have come to include broad range of motions whereby falling, sliding and flowing under the influence of gravity dislodges earth material. C natural and humaninduced landsliding in the garhwal. Walter hays, global alliance for disaster reduction essential knowledge for societal sustainability a framework for understanding the impacts of landslides on people and their communities landslides natural phenomena that occur with or without human activity forcasting future events the goal is recording. Rainfall induced landslides constitute a major risk globally to the built environment. Few earthquakeinduced landslides reactivate older landslides. The primary regions of landslide occurrence and potential are the coastal and mountainous areas of california, oregon, and washington, the states comprising the intermountain west, and the mountainous and hilly regions of the eastern united states. On monday i gave a presentation to staff and students at the state key laboratory for geohazards at chengdu university of technology the topic was the lessons that can be learnt about earthquakeinduced landslides from the taiwan 1999 and kashmir 2005 earthquakes. Lateral spreads are triggered by liquefaction of cohesionless soils at some depth below the ground. Pdf rainfallinduced landslides in nepal semantic scholar.
Major landslides that occurred during the past two decades have taken thousands of lives and about 175,000 people became homeless. I would like to place on record the significant contributions made by the representatives of all central ministriesdepartments concernedespecially the ministry of mines, the geological survey of. Rainfall and earthquakeinduced landslide susceptibility. The lasting legacy of nepals quake a year after a devastating earthquake triggered killer avalanches and rock falls in nepal, scientists are wiring up mountainsides to. Natural and human induced hazards encyclopedia of life.
Toward the analysis of anthropogenic changes of the. Iii natural and human induced hazards chen yong encyclopedia of life support systems eolss polar icecaps, and continents. These are basically the human activities like construction of roads, buildings, dams, etc. Earthquakeinduced landslides, sichuan province, china, may 12, 2008. Classification of earthquakeinduced landslide event sizes. The distribution of the landslides caused by the main shock and the aftershocks on march 12 and april 11 is shown in fig. General information on the causes of rainfallinduced landslides pdf 483 kb. Due to lack of land people started building their houses on the slopes and they even started construction on old landslides. A database of earthquakeinduced landslides has been compiled which extends the work of keefer keefer dk. National disaster management guidelinesmanagement of landslides and snow avalanches by the national disaster management authority ndma.
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